Racism: Communication and Robert B. Moore

Racism in the English Language Robert B. Moore 1) Explain why language is an integral part of any culture. Why is it important to study language? Language is necessary to culture because it shows an understanding that differentiates between other cultures. Language is vital for communication; we are able to express our thoughts, ideas and especially because it is one of the main ways we can communicate. 2) According to Moore, how do the symbolic meanings attached to whiteness and blackness affect beauty ideals in our society?Moore was emphasizing on the complete opposite meaning of black and white; white symbolizes such as purity and positivity, while black symbolizes negativity and wickedness. The racism between the within the language affects the beauty ideals in society by stressing on which is more â€Å"admirable†, blondes with blue eyes or â€Å"dusky. † 3) Explain how the statement â€Å"slaves were brought to America† is misleading and inaccurate?The stat ement is inaccurate because the European immigrants did not just bring them to America; they destroyed the culture of many African tribes, separated families, sold them across vast areas in the Americas as if they were merchandise. 4) In your own words, describe what a â€Å"loaded† word is. What are some examples? When a simple term is said and it is blown out of proportion to evoke emotion. For example, if one is Filipino and called chink. Chink is a loaded word because its negatively used. 5) Explain how the casual use of the words â€Å"gay† and â€Å"fag† can influence our perceptions of the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) community.The casual use of the words stated may influence our perception of the sexually varying community by instigating hate with in us for someone being different. Violent words can force someone to feel fear, which in turn can cause a sexually different person to be scared of admitting their difference. Using such words wi ll also influence our thoughts of such groups negatively as the usage of the words in today's culture is frowned upon due to it being offensive, even if one is not applicable to the term.

Discrimination: a Class Divided

The PBS video, A Class Divided, has brought to light a sensitive subject that has plagued societies for hundreds, even thousands of years. I have learned a lot about discrimination by watching this video. I was not aware that discrimination is a learned behavior. It seems that anytime there is a situation in which someone is viewed in a critical way, called out on those facts, and an opinion on those facts is expressed, it is a potential for discrimination. It only takes the views of one person to alter another persons perception of the world around them. There are several scenes from the video that has left a lasting impression in my mind. One of the most impressionable events was on the second day of the experiment. On this particular day, Jane Elliot called the children together to discuss what had been happening for the past two days. Once the children were discussing how it made them feel and how wrong it was to treat people that way, I thought that it was amazing that third graders could relate the experiment to real life discrimination. I feel that these children really learned what is was like to discriminate against someone and to be discriminated against. Another scene that left a lasting impression on me, was the last scene of the program, when Jane Elliott was debriefing the adults from the correctional facility. That experiment, even in such a short time, proved how easy it was to break down the barriers of what is right or wrong. Even hough the adults were less tolerant of the ridicule and demeaning accusations, most did not say anything, and the ones that did just gave the discriminators more ammunition. The things that surprised me the most was how easy it was to turn the children against each other. It seemed so easy for the first group of children â€Å"on top† to find things to blame on the inferior group. It was almost automatic that the children in the inferior group to be offended or feel badly when called â€Å"brown eyes. † I didn't think they would react quite so quickly and feel so b ad right away. The blue-eyed children were mean and found lots of ways to discriminate against the brown eyed children. However once the brown eyed children were â€Å"on top† the terrible feeling about themselves seemed to diminish rather quickly, and I think since they knew how it felt to be on the inferior side they were not as mean and the first group of children that were â€Å"on top. † The children that participated in the experience learned a very valuable lesson and were able to carry these values with them through adulthood. It was amazing to me to see how stating facts like the color of someone's eyes and adding an opinion to them, like they are smarter or better, can trigger such negative feelings. The names they used were not necessary derogatory, but were perceived as derogatory because stereotypes and discrimination attached to them. The children learned that just because they perceive something as being acceptable or normal it may cause someone else to feel bad or be hurt. The children also learned that teasing is hurtful and mean. By setting distinct divisions, such as, giving the blue-eyed children five extra minutes at recess or not allowing them to play on the playground equipment the next day enforced the segregation and gave the children sense of hopelessness . Not allowing the children to play together made them feel as if their friends had just been taken away and that they were not as good or smart as the other group. Overall, what the children learned, is to except each other. Even though there are physical differences, human beings deserve to be treated equally and fair no matter what color their eyes or skin may be. I think that this experiment runs parallel to the Sioux prayer â€Å" Help me not judge a person until I have walked in his shoes. † This activity teaches us that we can not fully understand how it would feel to be the minority and to be discriminated against unless put into a situation of such. Nor would we able to judge someone harshly for who or what they are until you have experienced it first hand and literally walked in their shoes.

Accompanying Report for Oxfam Marketing Plan

I can capture a wider market and reach out to more people, which is important to increase awareness of people about the poverty and injustice levels existing in the society today. The new product would give people an idea about how the organization is attempting to connect every human being on this planet and their cultures too. Oxfam has significantly contributed in a diverse range of social and environmental issues, having people’s wellbeing at their heart. The arrival or benefit is sent back to people without taking even one penny from it (Winston and Weinstein 2016). The whole launching procedure would take place over a time period, after which measurable results would be accomplished. The holes in the organization’s previous marketing activities would be covered with the help of this marketing plan, which would also assist in increasing the company’s competitive edge in the market and reach out to a wider audience and open new doors. An understanding of the product is the first thing that is required to decide upon the course. Objectives would be set accordingly, after which understanding the industry environment would be carried out with the help of the environmental analysis. After understanding the entire situation a proper strategy would be formed for marketing the new product (Finch 2016). Oxfam Shop, subsidiary of Oxfam Australia, is a multi-channel retail organization that has its own e-commerce website, direct mailing program and retail stores (Oxfam Australia 2017). Oxfam shop mainly retails in food and handicrafts that they have sourced from individual workers, crafts agencies and fair-trade organizations. The idea behind doing so is to help these communities as much as possible in their struggle towards ensuring a better life for themselves and their labor force(Oxfam Shop 2017). Oxfam Shop, Australia has planned to launch a new product from one of their producer Wakami. Kiejde losBosques, a social projectwho are known for marketing their produce from the rural communities of Guatemala, developed this Wakami brand.The literal meaning of Wakami is â€Å"it already is† in Mayan. Wakami believes that the world we live in is already an ideal place and it only needs connection with humans to make it alive. Wakami artisans aim to link people with products in a way that the people who buy and produce these products experience an enrichedand improved life respectively.Wakami employs rural Guatemalan women to help them live their common dream and have sources of income for improving their community lives. One of their very current products is the beads bracelets. These poly threaded, silver plated brass beaded bracelets have Zamac (zinc, aluminium, magnesium and copper) metal charms included in them. The bright and bold neon threaded bracelets stand for peace, within oneself and in others. The bracelets are hand made using ancestral Guatemala artisan techniques(Wakami 2017). Oxfam has come into establishment with the belief that poverty is inexcusable and preventable and it must be challenged so that the poor people get access to the right help and lead a better life. Along with that, Oxfam’s mission has been to present customers with the handcrafted artwork they are known for and provide the deprived with a helping hand to move ahead in life. Oxfam aims to exist to appeal to and maintain the customer base. They have made it a point to always adhere to this maxim and they believe the rest would fall into place. They have made it their objective to keep on exceeding the expectations of their customers with continued service(Oxfam Shop 2017).To bring the major objectives in point, the major ones are: For the last five years, the retail industry conditions of Australia suffered and struggled a lot. The major factors that led to the weak economic growth and volatile consumer sentiment are the unstable financial markets, which in turn resulted in a struggle for the retail subdivision operators.From 2012 to 2016, the annual growth rate has been just 0.2%. Study estimates say that the industry is expected to increase the contributionby a compound annual rate of 1.0%, a slow growth if compared to the overall economy (IBISWorld2016). In terms of the current prices in 2016, the clothing and accessories industry of Australia experienced a trend estimate growth of 0.2% in the month of November(Australian Bureau of Statistics 2017).The industry is inclining towards small and medium enterprises, leaving the giants to compete for survival. Oxfam Shop would use this market data to properly understand the requirements of the market and how to serve the customers(Philips 2014). Competitor analysis is a crucial part of the formation of business strategies or new product launching. It plays a crucial role in educating organizations about how intense the competition they would be encountering, what are the competition strategies to help marketers predict possible consequences (Hollensen 2015). In the retail market of Australia Oxfam Shop’s would face competition from Myer Fashion Store and David Jones who are giants in the fashion and accessories department. Along with that,there are specialty stores like Just Group, Country Road, Retail Holdings and Noni B (Lewricket al. 2015). In the lines of e-commerce competitors, Amazon, Hive and eBay give tough competition to Oxfam. Oxfam shop’s target market includes people who are highly interested in using handcrafted things. The organization would be targeting people from all over the world, from all regions and religions.The art collectors and enthusiasts would be the primary targets, as they are the people who have the most interest in such products, and most of the time they have the capacity to spend also. Other than that, there are people who want to do something genuinely to stop all the injustices and reduce poverty in the society (Kusnanto and Utami 2016). Oxfam is for them too. Oxfam shop has always aimed to tackle poverty by taking a hands-on approach in their strategies. Oxfam has repeatedly combined their experience of helping people in situations of emergencies and innovative campaigning so that a bold approach can be put towards reduction of poverty, hunger and inequality (Seret, Verbraken and Baesens 2014). 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An organization with plainly characterized objectives and qualities that can be the purchaser inspiration towards the brand 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Worldwide system of members and supporters giving excellent brand believability 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Enhanced portfolio taking into account key essential needs of customers 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Great online position with sensible costs contrasted with contenders 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Built as a brand from retail shop standpoint 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Influence upon its center values and discuss the same with extended audience Table 1. Strengths and Opportunities of Oxfam Shop As a marketing strategy, segmentation comprises of segregating the organization’s extended target market into industries, nations and client segments that share common interests, priorities and requirements (Baker 2014). Oxfam marketing strategies have always been organized in groups that have separate KPIs and goals. Oxfam has done segmentation in accordance with its supporters. The supporter's sorts incorporate single supplier, shop present aider, customary provider, campaigner, and shop buys. Furthermore, full scale segmentation in Oxfam is the association's bespoke way of life alongside socioeconomics, that is, including color and profundity, one segment one supporter, in view of the supporter and not Oxfam produce and connected to the whole supporter database (Armstrong et al. 2014). Targeting implies making a social affair or things an objective to be followed up on (Cameron 2014). Right when a firm fathoms its objective promote, correspondence gets the opportunity to be unmistakably easier among the firm and the target crowd. Oxfam altruistic association target showcase incorporates the people living in poor conditions and requires help from each religions, locales, range, and so on around the globe. The association's target showcase likewise targets on people living foul play particularly young ladies and ladies.  Ã‚   Positioning alludes to a showcasing procedure that spotlights on making a brand have the unmistakable position about the fighting brands and customers mind (Grant 2016). The properties that get credited by the customers fuse its standing quality, the kind of people using the things, the quality and weakness close by any fundamental or unprecedented characteristics spoke to, the cost and addressed regard (Urde and Koch 2014). Oxfam key positioning depends on what the firm do, offer and what characterizes Oxfam. The firm fundamental goal is to help the needy individuals, and that treated with shameful acts. The firm offers foundations to the needy individuals and helps the individuals who are dealt with bad form to battle for their rights. Since Oxfam alludes to a brand that speaks to philanthropy administrations, it is imperative for the organization to keep up and enhance its esteem. Oxfam offers philanthropy to the destitute individuals and answers for individuals who are treated with unfairness. The firm likewise offers distinctive products that additionally add to the gifts. As an altruistic association, the administrations and products are allowed to the objective market. It is a reasonable methodology for the casualties; notwithstanding, it doesn't manage quality-driven clients and does not rival neither high nor low price base in their products of gift. Subsequently, Oxfam can utilize value pricing methodology that contains setting prices on the products as per the client impression of the product esteem. Oxfam is among the main beneficent association promoters in the philanthropist NGO industry. It promotes its exercises and products utilizing daily papers, TV and magazines. The association has an awesome gathering of people in the social stages, yet there is less marketing effort on their online networking stages. Thusly, Oxfam ought to upgrade its marketing effort in the online networking, and Oxfam ought to post their products pictures on the web-based social networking system, for example, in Facebook as coordinated by Kaufmann (2012). Oxfam conveys its services and products all through the world. The firm finds the destitution and unfairness people and helps them in their area. The members get situated in the groups regularly with neediness issues so they can undoubtedly get to the influenced people. It is fundamental that the organization ought to consider expanding their office in different nations to enhance their entrance to the destitute individuals (Kaufmann 2012). Oxfam is a magnanimous association that spotlights on enhancing the lives of individuals and helps the individuals who are treated with unfairness. This marketing arrangement has basically helped in comprehending Oxfam's present circumstance where the firm appreciates worldwide supporters and offshoots however it confronts volunteers and workers. Marketing arranging helps create products and administrations in the business that address the issues of the objective market. Great marketing helps the clients comprehend why the item or administration is superior to, or not the same as, the opposition. Subsequently, this marketing arrangement target is to amplify global foundations and increment tickets deals. As per the prerequisite of Oxfam Shop which requests an imaginative, functional and fun item for their outlets; in this way,a quirky and bright range of accessories have been suggested which is very popular among the art enthusiasts. A decent marketing plan would help Oxfam achieve t heir intended interest group, support their client base, and eventually, increment their main concern. Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014.  Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017. 8501.0 - Retail Trade, Australia, Nov 2016. [online] Abs.gov.au. Available at: Baker, M.J., 2014.  Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Cameron, B.T., 2014. Using Responsive Evaluation in Strategic Management.  Strategic Leadership Review,  4(2), pp.22-27. Finch, B., 2016.  How to write a business plan. Kogan Page Publishers. Grant, R.M., 2016.  Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley & Sons. Hollensen, S., 2015.  Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. IBISWorld. 2016. Consumer Goods Retail in Australia Market Research | IBISWorld. [online] Available at: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry/consumer-goods-retail.html Kaufmann, H.R. ed., 2012.  Customer-Centric Marketing Strategies: Tools for Building Organizational Performance: Tools for Building Organizational Performance. IGI Global. Kusnanto, N.A. and Utami, C.W., 2016. Innovation Strategy Design for CV. X's Handicraft Business at the Local Market. Lewrick, M., Williams, R., Maktoba, O., Tjandra, N. and Lee, Z.C., 2015. Radical and incremental innovation effectiveness in relation to market orientation in the retail industry: triggers, drivers, and supporters.  Successful Technological Integration for Competitve Advantage in Retail Settings, IGI Global, pp.239-268. Oxfam Australia, 2017. The Power of People Against Poverty. [online] Oxfam Australia. Available at: Philips, C., 2014. A Silver Lining to Australia's Fashion Crisis?. [online] The Business of Fashion. Available at: Seret, A., Verbraken, T. and Baesens, B., 2014. A new knowledge-based constrained clustering approach: Theory and application in direct marketing.  Applied Soft Computing,  24, pp.316-327. Urde, M. and Koch, C., 2014. Market and brand-oriented schools of positioning.  Journal of Product & Brand Management,  23(7), pp.478-490. Wakami, 2017. Wakami. [online] Shop.oxfam.org.au. Available at: Winston, W. and Weinstein, A., 2016.  Defining your market: winning strategies for high-tech, industrial, and service firms. Routledge.

Creative exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Creative exercise - Essay Example river’s behavior, he might have had his reasons to behave the way he did as a way of carefully responding to such a situation but then again if it made you feel uncomfortable please accept our apologies. We will talk to him to know exactly why he behaved so and hope that it won’t happen again. Thank you for contacting us. 3. Surge pricing occurs when there are extreme demands that are generated by special events, holidays or peak times. During such times, we are subjected to multiple fares so as to maximize the number of Uber cars on the system just to make sure our customers get a car when they need one. Please note that you were not charged unfairly but on such occasions our customers should expect their fares to be subjected to a surge multiplier. Sorry for any of any cause inconvenience to you, but we hope that u have understood. Thank you. Reason for the order response is that we have to respond first with the frustrated customer and calm him down. Then to our customer whose flight is at 6 A.M to ensure that he does not miss his flight if at all he finds it convenient to use our service. Then the physical damage just to ensure that the driver’s personal insurance policy will be able to cover him. If it does not, we at Uber have a policy that covers such drivers up to $ 50,000 and with a $ 1,000 deductible. Then I respond to the customer who wants a refund as he/she doesnt seem angry all he wants is a refund which will not take long to do. And lastly option b since we are certain that the customer will get his jacket back provided he is certain that he left it in one of our cars 1.Kindly confirm your email address on file if it is correct by logging into uber.com then click the ‘settings’ link at the top of the page. This should help, or you could also check your spam folder. Thank you. 1. We do not allow that due to security purpose and privacy options. If your friends wish to drive your car on the Uber system, then they have to be on your

Discuss the role of multinationals in the globalisation of innovation Essay - 1

Discuss the role of multinationals in the globalisation of innovation - Essay Example Strategies employed by MNEs in the globalisation of innovation One strategy used by MNEs is foreign direct investment (FDI) where MNEs acquire existing assets abroad or set up new wholly or majority owned investments abroad. Other modalities of spreading innovation by MNEs include trade, licensing, cross-patenting initiatives, and international scientific and technological collaborations. Trade involves the exchange of sophisticated products such as electrical and electronic products, precision instruments, fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals (Narula and Zanfei, 2003, P.7). Exports of such products and especially information and technology products worldwide rose from 8% in 1976 to 23% in 2000. The massive increase in the share of world trade represented by research and development intensive sectors signals an increase in globalisation of innovation (Narula and Guimon, 2009, P.5). There has been a steady growth in international patenting trends characterised by non-resident patenting, which is patent applications of foreign investors in a country, and external patenting, which is patent applications of national investors abroad. ... STPs are more common in the domain of biotechnology, new materials and information technology and oftenly involve Triad nations rather than emerging economies. Developed nations’ firms take up over 90% of STP agreements while the share of STPs involving developing country firms is in the range of 5-6%. 70% of all STPs have had at least one US partner since 1960 (UNCTAD, 2005, P.51). The concentration of STPs in highly industrialised countries together with the involvement of American firms can be attributed to the fact that industrialised countries are the largest investors in R&D (Welfens, 1999, P.342). As a result of government regulation, some MNEs are forced to adopt STPs in place of internal innovation. Such situations include where firms form R&D alliances aiming to enter foreign markets protected by non-tariff barriers such environmental regulation in the chemical industries or safety standards in the automobile industry. STPs are common where partner companies share co mplementary capabilities and the integration creates a greater degree of interaction between the partner’s respective paths of learning and innovation. Cooperation helps firms keep up with technological advancements and assists firms in exploring and exploiting emerging technological opportunities (Chen, 2003, P.397). MNEs engage in considerable intra-firm and inter-firm trade with industrialised countries, and this contributed almost 90% of all outbound FDI in 2001. Most of the firms engaged in FDI are also key players in the generation and diffusion of innovation. Over 30% of the top 100 MNEs are involved in R&D intensive industries such as electronic and electrical equipment,

Nokia Emerges as India's Most Trusted Brands Article - 2

Nokia Emerges as India's Most Trusted Brands - Article Example The logo, which reflects the company’s mission â€Å"Nokia- Connecting people†, explains the reason for being the leading brand in itself. Nokia has not only understood its consumers’ needs but has also tried and reached its consumer’s utmost requirements. These include providing them with better connectivity, navigation, music optimized functionality, addictive games, business/email services, video and much more. Nokia has always made sure to give its consumers the best voice quality, better battery times and user-friendly GUIs - Graphical User Interfaces. Furthermore, from developing these creative designs/features to growing its offer of Internet usage and its enterprise solutions and software, Nokia has always focused in to give best deals to its consumers. Not only that, Nokia’s new merger with Siemens has provided its customers with equipment, solutions, and services for communications networks through Nokia-Siemens networks. (Nokia emerges as Indias most trusted brands., 2010). With qualities like such, Nokia owes to have the highest brand equity among its consumers. The reason that these brands are still in my memory is that of the strong and lasting image that they have built in the consumer market. The brand’s position in the PLC does affect consumers’ choices to a great extent. Consider as an example the computer manufacturer: Sony. Sony is also one of the leading electronic brands in the world and was established in 1958. Since then, Sony has tracked a long history of innovation and inventions from its first transistor radios to the first Trinitron color television in 1968, the color video-cassette in 1971, the popular Walkman in 1979, the worlds first CD player in 1982, the 3.5-inch floppy disk in 1989 and many others.  

Management Project Economic Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Management Project Economic Analysis - Essay Example The process has a byproduct of poly-di-isopropyl-benzene, which is easily separated by fractionation section. The byproduct is produced by an additional reactor. In order to attain a lower cost and higher purity, recycle streams are used in the process. Further, temperature regulation is essential since the reaction occurs at high temperatures.  The process has a byproduct of poly-di-isopropyl-benzene, which is easily separated by fractionation section. The byproduct is produced by an additional reactor. In order to attain a lower cost and higher purity, recycle streams are used in the process. Further, temperature regulation is essential since the reaction occurs at high temperatures.   With reference to economic analysis, FCI has a total of 16.53 M$ that comprises of 14.53 M$ ISBL and 2.0 M$ OSBL. As such, cash flow statement indicates that the payments will be rendered in full amounts within three years. Both the furnace and heat exchanger use ISBL while the feed tank uses OSB L. The impact of net present value (NPVO) on CumCF in a period of 3.2 years is 150.72 M$ and NPV 12 with an interest of 15% is 552.46 M$. The IRR is 24.28 % with a payback of 3.2 years, which implies that this project is viable and profitable.   Considering economic sensitivities, FCI changes because of utilities and product price. From the information gathered, this project is profitable since the involved product is worth and FCI is low in terms of the cost of the product and raw material. The quantitative comparison indicates that changes in product price and FCI are critical and sensitive.   In conclusion, this project is sensitive to product price changes, as well as FCI changes. However, the project is viable and profitable. Nevertheless, there is a need to gather economic information on Cumene price changes and establish the demand for the product. For now, there is a need to increase the production rate of the product.  

Gharar in Islamic Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Gharar in Islamic Law - Assignment Example Finally, even if the relevant agreements amounted to agreements to pay Riba, the principal sums advanced could validly be claimed (Usmani, 2001). Hence, Murabaha Agreements should be in accordance with Islamic law, all that is required is certification by Islamic Bank’s Religious Supervisory Board and the principal amounts are dispensed in accordance with the terms of Murabaha Agreements (Usmani, 2001). The Gharar contains uncertainty in a contract or sale where the goods may or may not be available (the bird in the air or the fish in the water). It shows ambiguity in the consideration or terms of a contract. As such the contract would not be void. An example tainted with Gharar is an agreement to sell goods which have already been sold (Vogel and Samuel, 1998). This paper finds Gharar in depth in three contracts. The three contracts that I have analyzed in this paper are about car, property and stocks. The Bank has followed the methods of Islamic banking while still Gharar ca n be found in them. Elements of Riba and Gharar are present in the contractual documents. The transactions if carried out under the mentioned products (cars, stocks and property) require Murabaha Financing. The important ingredients of the Murabaha Financing Agreement are The Preamble: it is an integral part of the agreement; Definitions: incorporation of the terms: a) Account b) Agency Agreement c) Agreement d) Client Financials e) Declaration f) Due dates g) Goods h) Murabaha Account i) Purchase Price j) Security k) Security Deposits; Purchase and Sale Agreement; Mode of Payment; Representation of the Client; Representation of the Institution; General Covenants of the Client; General Covenants of the Institution; Warranties of the Institution; Security; Risk of Loss; Takafol; Damages; Governing Law and Jurisdiction; Set off; Acceleration; General; Execution of document by the Counterparts ( The Institution and The Client); Dated; Witnesses; Schedule of Documents: a) Agency Agreeme nt b) Declaration c) Promissory Note d) Description of Security (Ghafoor, 1995). Murabaha Finance Agreement for Car The first contract is about Murabaha Finance Agreement for car. The contract is about a client bank agreement on buying a car in instalments but there are several conditions for the client, which he has to adhere in order to get the car. A down payment is given after which, monthly instalments are fixed for the customer. As this is a Murabaha contract, therefore it is essential to know about Murabaha. Murabaha is a term in Islamic Fiqh and it refers to a particular kind of sale having nothing to do with financing in its original sense. If a seller agrees with his purchaser to provide him specific commodity on a certain profit added to his cost it is considered Murabaha transaction. The basic ingredient of Murabaha is that the seller discloses the actual cost he or she has incurred in acquiring the commodity and then adds some profit thereon. This profit may be lump sum or may be in fraction (Al-Qardawi, 2001). In conventional financing, the financier lends money to the client on interest. After giving the interest bearing loan, the financier has nothing to do with its usage. In the case of Murabahah no money is advanced by the financier. Instead the

Rhetorical criticism using Ernest bormann's Fantasy theme approach and Essay

Rhetorical criticism using Ernest bormann's Fantasy theme approach and Neo-Aristotelian approach on Barack Obama's first Inaugur - Essay Example To a good number of America the election of president Obama represented hope for a new beginning and a chance to perform reforms for the better. However, many Americans questioned his ability to lead with enough background and skills to address these concerns. This thesis examines the president 2009 inaugural address. The analysis of this speech shows how the president rhetorically managed to alleviate the concern of the USA’s people. And, in what manner he was rhetorically able to convince Americans that he is the right person to led the nation to the right direction through this difficult times. First, present and explains the chosen theories within classical rhetoric and the genre of the address. He then uses the selected theories to analyze the Obama’s inaugural address. The writer then makes assessment and discussion of the thesis statement from this analysis. The thesis has Ernest Bormann's Fantasy theme approach and Neo-Aristotelian approach to determine the type of speech, the usage and appeal form used. By utilizing this approach, it was possible to deduce whether Obama’s inaugural speech was rhetoric. The Obama’s rhetoric inaugural address has its own genre. ... Inaugural address is supposed to be non-partisan and unifying. They should make people feel that if they come together they can achieve more (Fafner, 1998). Most of the Americans have a major concern about domestic and international issue. With the election of a new president, people want to feel that the needed reforms are steered for the better especially with the new leader in power. Obama’s inaugural address was an opportunity for him to show off his prowess with respect to his capacity to alleviate the concern of the Americans. In this regard, therefore, the thesis will answer a number of questions such as question: 1) how did the president rhetorically manage to alleviate the concern of Americans? 2) In what way was president Obama rhetorically able to win the hearts and minds of the Americans convincing them that he is the right person to lead them through this trying time? Method of Analysis To answer the question, the author describes theories used for them. Then a rh etoric analysis of the president inaugural address will be made based on the selected theories. While accounting for the selected theories, the focus will be linguistic analysis that utilize five cons of Aristotle ‘classical rhetoric, (memoria, action, elocutio, disposito and inventio) and the three appeal forms- (ethos, pathos and logos.) Background and literature review Classical rhetoric arose in 5th century in Athens Greece. Rhetoric refers the art of speaking and is the theory about shaping the language in a way that both the person speaking and the intended audience gains sympathy. The objective of rhetoric is to convince actuate and stimulate the audience. In the recent past the

Which Way, Natural Selection or Intelligent Design Essay

Which Way, Natural Selection or Intelligent Design - Essay Example Looking from the position of the ontological complexity, the two ideas include the existence of the different forms of life, however, in the case with the intelligent design the designer and the material employed in the design  have to be included (Muggy 1). In addition, a problem arises regarding the intelligent designer origin. Since, this creator has a greater capability and more complexity than even the capabilities of the current human beings. This poses a question, are humans supposed to be designed? However, in regards of the dynamic complexity of a human life, both theories tend to agree on the reproductive capabilities of all the organisms, though this is not very clear in the intelligent design theory. On the other hand, the natural selection implies that there is a biological process which accounts for the observed similarities amongst offsprings and their parent organisms (Roderick 1). Indeed, it is easier to believe this since this phenomenon can be observed in many of the organisms, this further implies that there should be a particular activity that allows such functioning. However, the intelligent design theory postulates the presence of the design processes which are outside of whatever goes on during the reproduction. In regards to the explanatory power, the evolutionary theory also takes the lead. Due to the fossil records, the gaps between the species are completed. Indeed, fossils point out at the transitional period which a particular organism passes to another state as indicated in the Charles Darwin theory. However, the intelligent design does not account for the transitional fossils, thus, with the discovery of more fossils, the weaknesses of the intelligent design are laid bare. By and large, the... This essay stresses that a problem arises regarding the intelligent designer origin. Since, this creator has a greater capability and more complexity than even the capabilities of the current human beings. This poses a question, are humans supposed to be designed? However, in regards of the dynamic complexity of a human life, both theories tend to agree on the reproductive capabilities of all the organisms, though this is not very clear in the intelligent design theory. On the other hand, the natural selection implies that there is a biological process which accounts for the observed similarities amongst offsprings and their parent organisms. Indeed, it is easier to believe this since this phenomenon can be observed in many of the organisms, this further implies that there should be a particular activity that allows such functioning. This paper makes a conclusion that in regards to the explanatory power, the evolutionary theory also takes the lead. Due to the fossil records, the gaps between the species are completed. Indeed, fossils point out at the transitional period which a particular organism passes to another state as indicated in the Charles Darwin theory. The intelligent design does not account for the transitional fossils, thus, with the discovery of more fossils, the weaknesses of the intelligent design are laid bare. By and large, the intelligent design argument on irreducible complexity, that is contrary to the evolution principle, does not explain the reason why some forms of life exhibit similar characteristics and some organisms have parts in common, but perform different duties. Indeed this gives support to the evolution theory

The Lord of the Rings Essay Example for Free

The Lord of the Rings Essay The Lord Of The Rings: The Fellowship Of The Ring is no doubt one of the most successful films of all time. The main reason it is and the main reason of this essay is the contrast between the forces of good and evil. The division of good and evil is clear from the start of the film right to the very end. At the end it seems as though evil is dominating and threatening to triumph over good forever. Camera shots are used to show this contrast As soon as the film has begun there are long slow moving panning shots which show a vast area of the setting. This camera shot is often used in the film and are used to set the scene. The effect given by this particular camera angle is that the area is calm and peaceful. It is a place full of grass, trees, flowers etc. This suggests a world of innocence or good. Further on in the film, the evil comes into the picture. The camera shots used for evil areas or evil people are almost exactly opposite to those of the good parts of the film. Although the camera shots are still panning shots, rather than show a few slow moving camera angles, it shows many quicker moving shots. This helps to add the evil effect and to emphasise that the place is quicker in movement and it is no longer calm and peaceful. This happens very early on too. It happens when we first see the evil tower. The filmmaker also uses many low angle camera views. These angles are used to show a character or building seem more threatening, larger, imposing and/or powerful. This is shown as soon as the evil comes into the picture when the tower/castle is shown. It is dark and is taken from a low angle for the effect. It also happens a lot to Gandalf, the wizard, when he is around the hobbits. There are other camera angles used too that include high angle shots. These are obviously the opposite of low angle shots. They are used to show a person or building seem smaller and less threatening. An example could be when we see hobbits. Hobbits are very small creatures so high angle shots would be used here. Close-up and extreme close-up shots are used too. These are used to show facial expression. This is very often in he film. Probably every scene in the film has a close-up and extreme close-up shot. There are also double shots. This is when two people are shown in the picture and this shot is often used to show conversation. A good example of this is when Gandalf and Bilbo, the hobbit, are smoking the weed late at night. This is also very early on in the film.

Fuge in C Minor- Bach Essay Example for Free

Fuge in C Minor- Bach Essay Johann Sebastian Bach’s was born on the 21st of March 1685 and died in 1750. He was a German composer, during the Baroque period. His Fugue in C minor was written in the middle years of his life, 1722. A fugue is a contrapuntal composition, where a subject is developed. It has 3 main parts an Exposition, Middle section and the Final Section. The exposition is where the subject/theme of the piece is first announced, and is then answered by other voices. In Bach’s Fugue in C minor it is written for three parts, the Soprano, alto and bass. It is the alto who first states the subject in bar 1. The subject is the theme of which the fugue is established. This subject finishes on the first beat of bar 3. After this subject is stated the alto starts with a counter subject (accompanies the subject), while the soprano voice answers the subject with the answer (transposition of the subject). This answer is tonal, because the intervals are not exactly the same and it is in the dominant key of G minor. Between where the final voice, the bass enters with the subject and where the answer finished is a small 2 bar codetta, where both the soprano voice is based on the subject in sequence and the alto voice is based on the counter subject in sequence. Jus before the bass enters there is a false entry in the alto voice. When the Bass enters with the subject at bar 7 in it’s original form and both of the other parts continue with countersubject material. At the first down beat of bar 9 the exposition finishes. The middle section is where subject is developed it is also where episode 1 starts. An episode is a connecting passage, developed from previous material. Episode 1 starts off with the soprano and alto voice in stretto, where one voice comes in before the other has finished, and the bass is accompanying them with scalar passages based on the countersubject material. Bar 11 is the first middle section is heard. It consists of the soprano voice having the subject, but in a different key. The bass with counter subject material accompanies it. Episode 2 where soprano voice has the contrary motion of the counter subject and the lower two parts are in thirds ccompanying. Bar 15 is the 2nd middle entry in G minor, where the subject is heard by the alto with the soprano with counter subject material. The third episode starts in bar 17 where the soprano and bass voices have the subject material in rising sequence. The alto part is based on the counter subject but in contrary motion to the original counter subject. At bar 18 the alto and bass parts swap parts. The final section (where the piece returns to it’s original key) starts at the 3rd middle entry in bars 20. The 3rd middle entry goes from bar 20 to the first downbeat of bar 22. It has the soprano voice with the subject, while the bass and alto hold the countersubject. Episode 4 is the longest as it goes from bar 22 to half way through 26, it is in C minor. At the start of this episode the soprano and alto voices are in stretto like they were in episode 1. The bass part continues with the counter subject material until the end of the episode 4. At bar 25 the soprano has the subject. The soprano and bass swap parts half way through bar 26 and this is the start of the 4th middle entry. The 4th middle entry returns to C minor, here the soprano and bass swap parts and the bass has the subject. In bars 29 to the end we hear a coda. This is where we hear the subject for the last time after a short cadential phrase. This is accompanied by a pedal not in the bass. Overall Bach’s Fugue in C minor is written very similar to what generally a fugue is. Fugue in C minor has an Exposition, middle section and final section. He has also put in four episodes and four middle entries. The four episodes are bars 9-13, 14-17, 18-21, 22-31. The Four middle entries are bars 11-13, 15-17, 19-22, 26-28. This fugue ends like many other fugue’s with the subject heard one last time in the original tonic key.

Democracy Of Goods In Contemporary Consumer Culture Media Essay

Democracy Of Goods In Contemporary Consumer Culture Media Essay The term democracy was defined as equal access to consumer products and by depicting the everyday functioning of that democracy with regard to one product at a time, these tableaux offered Americans an inviting vision of their society as an incontestable equality According to Onufrijchuk in Leiss et al 1997: 50 the course of the 20th century has seen a dramatic and sustained rise in the real income and purchasing power of the average person in western societies, where most people have access to a huge and constantly changing array of goods this may rely on the fact why Marchand argued the fact that the 20th century allowed for equal access to goods because individuals for example the working class individual in society were continually earning more, and what better way to spend the extra money they have than to buy products that the upper class would usually use, thus, they can then believe that they are having shared experience with the upper classs taste, whereas the upper class are getting furious because they have to continually look for ways in other to differentiate themselves from the other classes. Bourdieu in Gronow (1997: 11) argued that the taste of the ruling class is always the legitimate taste of a society, but in his own opinio n, this legitimate taste is not genuine good taste: in fact there could be no possible genuine good taste. He went on to argue that legitimate taste pretends to be the universally valid and disinterested good taste, whereas in reality it is nothing more than the taste of one particular class, the ruling class. The term Trigg 2001 calls trickle down, leap-frog and trickle down. Taste would be considered later on in the essay in relation to democracy of goods. This could be said as to why Marchand suggested that the early 20th century advertising offered access to goods and a vision of society of incontestable. Schudson 1986: 180-181 illustrates better as he argued that there was a new sense of scarcity of time, accelerated by the increasingly large array of choices available to people. There was more choice, or a sense of more choice, in part because the newspapers, movies, and radio bought to people a strong sense of other social worlds, and other possibilities. The advances in mass production methods made goods and luxuries unheard of a generation before potentially available to a large number of people. In the supermarket there were more product categories, and within these more brands to choose from. The different media outlets made people think or feel that they had many choices and that they could experience the world of the upper class just by buying certain products to make them blend in to the crowd of the upper class. With the i ncrease of mass production of products, it made it possible for the working class to have the shared experience and for the fact that there was an increase in mass product, goods were produced cheaper. Hence, Marchand 1985: 218 arguing that there were no discrepancies in wealth could prevent the humblest citizen, provided they chose their purchases wisely, from retiring to setting in which they could contemplate their essential equality, through possession of an identical productGIVE AN EXAMPLE LATER This can be said to be what is happening in our current contemporary society The advertising parables offered comfortable rather than distasteful truths. They usually sought to persuade more through insinuation than confrontation, and sought unthinking assent rather than active thought or new insight. They encouraged readers to assimilate the product into their present lives in order to force them to a decision to live by a different logic. Marchand 1985: 207. Advertising products makes the audience feel like they need to purchase certain products and that if they do not acquire the products, they cannot be satisfied in their lives, Marchand 1985: 207. The parables of advertising promised reads no insurmountable limitations and offered a reality easily within the reach of their hearts desires provide any one with the ultimate satisfaction (ibid: 218) GIVE AN EXAMPLE LATER) According to Marchand 1985: 217-218 Democracy of goods is the wonders of modern mass production and distribution enabled every person to enjoy the societys most significant pleasure, convenience, or benefit. The definition of the particular benefit fluctuated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the cumulative effect of the constant reminders that any woman can and every home can afford was to publicize an image of American society in which concentrated wealth at the top of a hierarchy of social classes restricted no familys opportunity to acquire the most significant products. Daniel Boorstin in Schudson 1886: 181 stated that there was democratization of good. Products that once held some kind of uniqueness to them by being available only at certain times of the year or only certain parts of the country were increasing available all year-round and throughout the country, thanks to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ other technological and other social developments. Not only the means of production but the modes of became a continuous process' Boorstin argued that products became democratized in three ways. Firstly, they became more standard as they come to be produced for the mass audience. They are easier to handle, easier to do it yourself without great skill on the part of the user; both a mediocre cook and a great cook make equally good cakes from a cake mix à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ standard products and standard situations for shopping make it easier for the unskilled consumer to avoid embarrassment and to become equal to the adept consumer. Secondly, products become not only more standard but milder and easier to use. They become convenient à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Convenience is an attribute that has much to do the social uses and social meaning of a product as with its engineering. The more convenient a good, the more it is equally available for the use if men and women, adults and children à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Thirdly, there is democratization when goods are consumed in increasingly public ways. To liberate from society, we ought and must was not for Marcuse a problem. What the problem the problem specific to society which delivers the goods was that for liberation there was no mass basis few people wished to be liberated, een fewer were willing to act on that wish, and virtually no one was quite sure in what way the liberation from society might differ from the state they were already in Bauman 2000: 16 One such issue was the possibility that what feels like freedom is not in fact freedom at all; that people may be satisfied with their lot even though that lot were far from being objectively satisfactory; that, living in slavery, they feel free and so experience no urge to liberate themselves, thus forsaking or forfeiting the chance of being genuinely free Bauman 2000: 17 is liberation a blessing, or a curse? A curse disguised as blessing, a blessing feared as curse? Bauman 2000: 18. other popular addresses for similar complaints have been the embourgeoisement of the underdog (the substitution of having for being, and being for acting, as the uppermost values) Bauman 2000: 19. However Gronow 1997: 9 argued that taste was an ideal means on making social distinctions. Any parvenu who tried to act as a gentleman could always be put in his proper place by letting him know through small gestures that even though he thinks he is acquainted with the right etiquette, he still does not master the requirements of good taste. This can us be used as a criticism in relation to democracy of good in the sense that even though there was mass production of goods, the working class were not accepted even though they tried fitting in, into the upper class. Thus it can be argued that the democracy of goods created an illusion of democracy, as it made working class ind ividuals Boorstin 1993 and others have suggested that mass consumption created democracy of goods. Schudsons account is somewhat different. Yes, goods became more uniformly available, more standardized, more convenient, and more likely to be consumed in public ways. Yet, although the goods displayed in a department store are in theory available to everyone, in practice they are available only ot those with the resources to make the purchase. Schudsons analysis reminds us that the displays of mass consumption creates a democratization of desire and envy (1984 pp 181, 151) Advertising reached its modern form around 1900 rather than simply describing products technical virtues, ads increasingly addressed consumers deeper concerns. Instead of extolling the cleaning powder of a particular soap, for example, the new ads emphasized the social embarrassment of body odor or the sex appeal of the skin (Fischer 2010: 65) The parable of the democracy of goods always remained implicit in its negative counterpart. It assured readers that they could be as healthy, as charming, as free from social offense as the very nicest (richest) people, simply by using a product that any one could afford (219) The parable emphasized the affordability of the product to families of modest income while attempting to maintain a class image of the products the preferred choice of their social better (221) The most attractive aspect of the parable to advertisers was that it preached the coming of an equalizing democracy without sacrificing those fascinating contrast of social condition that had long been the touchstone of high drama (221) They dressed up Americans wealthy as dazzling aristocrats, and then reassured readers that they could easily enjoy an essential equality with such elites in the things that really mattered GIVE AN EXAMPLE CHERYL COLE ADVERTISEMENT (she worked her way up, the general working class public could identify with her background and where she has come from. Thus suggesting that if they work really hard they could get to where they want be and be what they want in society

Oregon Trail :: essays research papers fc

CROSSING THE Great Plains The Oregon Trail was an overland emigrant route in the United States from the Missouri River to the Columbia River country, was the way to travel back in the 1840’s through the 1860’s. In 1843 the "Great Emigration" began and the west would never be the same after the out set of the travelers. The pioneers by wagon train did not, however, follow any single narrow route. In open country the different trains might spread out over a large area, only to converge again for river crossings, mountain passes. In time many alternate routes also developed. They originated at various places on the Missouri, although Independence were favorite starting points, the routes taken along with the wagon trails are the key points in which made it possible to travel west. Those starting from Independence followed the same route as the Santa Fe Trail for some 40 miles, then traveled to the Platte and generally followed that river to the North Platte and t hen the South Platte. Crossing the South Platte, the main trail followed the North Platte to Fort Laramie, then to the present Casper, Wyo. and through the mountains by the South Pass to the Colorado River. The travelers then went to Fort Bridger, from which the Mormon Trail continued to the Great Salt Lake, while the Oregon Trail went northwest across a divide to Fort Hall, on the Snake River. The California Trail branched off to the southwest, but the Oregon Trail continued to Fort Boise. From that point the travelers had to make the hard climb over the Blue Mountains. Once those were crossed, paths diverged somewhat; many went to Fort Walla Walla before proceeding down the south bank of the Columbia River, traversing the Columbia's gorge where it passes through the Cascade Mountains to the Willamette Valley, where the early settlement centered. The end of the trail shifted as settlement spread. The mountain men were chiefly responsible for making the route known, and Thomas Fitzp atrick and James Bridger were renowned as guides. The first genuine emigrant train was that led by John Bidwell in 1841, half of which went to California, the rest proceeding from Fort Hall to Oregon. The first train of emigrants to reach Oregon was that led by Elijah White in 1842. In 1843 occurred the "Great Emigration" of more than 900 persons and more than 1,000 head of stock.

Re-viewing Summer: the Way to Highland Park, A Selection From A Walker In the City :: Kazin Summer Highland Park

Kazin's Summer: The Way to Highland Park Sitting on the marble steps of the old, traditional American church, I began to feel cold. Two oriental lions, carved out of old white marble, surrounded me. Their faces were mean, and they seemed to be staring at something. As the beasts remained perfectly still, tiny creatures – black ants and brown bugs –very busily walked on their backs. As I looked around from my cold spot on the step, I could see an old, brick house. This house was like none other on the block. With a large American flag hanging on the door, this house – a symbol of the American dream – stood taller than all the other houses. My attention then shifted to two great big evergreen trees on each facade, and the beautiful bed of flowers, of all shapes, sizes, and colors, wrapped tightly around the base of the house – the tracings of an American summer. There was a light through the upstairs’ window of the house. I could see a mother sitting with her baby son. Although all I could hear were the many crickets singing softly in the night, I knew that the loving mother was telling a bedtime story to her sweet and sleepy child. My America is a very beautiful place, not only because of the big cities, tall buildings, stone statues, and pretty flowers, but also because of the people who make America what it is today. Knowing within every blue, black, brown, green, and gray eye you see on the streets of America – and like me, every window you look through – there are stories, hopes and even dreams, this thought brings me the greatest pleasure, as it did Alfred Kazin. Kazin’s greatest pleasure came looking at the many historical landmarks that New York had to offer and thinking of the many people who struggled to make those astonishing contributions. In â€Å"Summer: The Way to Highland Park† (1951), Kazin takes us into his childhood in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn, describing his America with such tactile distinction that we too can â€Å"taste the damp sweetness of Italian cheese† and â€Å"see the clumps of red and brown meat dripping off [the] sausage rings† (Kazin 332). â€Å"You cannot grow up in that kind of environment, without absorbing and re-expressing a fantastically physical world,† states Kazin in an National Public Radio news recording.

Human Values Versus Technology in Waiting for Godot and Civilization an

Human Values Versus Technology in Beckett's Waiting for Godot and Freud's Civilization and its Discontents One of the most significant and wondrous features of today's society is the progress that has occurred with the passing of years and generations. Never before has humanity witnessed the technological advances that are now transpiring. Such advances encompass almost every facet of life as humanity knows it: from biomedical engineering to the exploration of outer-space. Science has proven to be beneficial to life as well as to the expansion of the mind. However, civilization is not in need solely of scientific revolutions. As the famous Beckett and Freud have implied in their literary works, humanity has not lost touch with innate human values that have been intrinsically bestowed upon it. These values, implicitly stated in the works created by Beckett and Freud, are the need for companionship, and purpose and meaning in life. The ideas of companionship and meaning in life are ubiquitous in Beckett's play Waiting for Godot. Much of the play is a mockery of the condition humanity would be faced with in a meaningless world. The four main characters in the play, Vladimir, Estragon, Pozzo, and Lucky, undeniably represent the lazy side of humanity in that they spend their lives waiting for something elusive that evidently will not ever appear. By the end of the play, Vladimir and Estragon are still hoping for this arrival, and there has been no trace of it. This demonstrates the futility of spending so much time anticipating an event that is not likely to happen, given previous experience. Beckett's play is therefore a mockery of the human value of purpose and meaning in life. Not only does Beckett's play ... ...ng new ideas regarding humanity. With the progress of new knowledge and technology, it seems reasonable that human values would advance as well. This, however, has not proven to be the case. Instead, the values that are innate to humanity have remained firmly established since the beginning of time. For example, people are still seeking the meaning of life in religion, as they did thousands of years ago, even though there has not been any discovery that has supported religion. In addition, people still seek companionship in the form of dating, families, sex, and friendship. Companionship has not become obsolete with the advancement of technology, and the way companionship is viewed has not adapted to the realities in society. As much as technology and science have contributed, a value as simple as acceptance of diversity has not progressed nearly as much.

Cinderella Man Camera Angle Essay

Film producers use different presentational devices to give the audience hints about the characters and actions going on in the film. Using the characters James Braddock and Max Baer from the film Cinderella Man, I am going to investigate how film producers use camera angles, costume, and lighting, settings, music and character interaction to create more meaning for the audience. I will specifically be looking at the creation of James Braddock as a good character and Max Baer as a bad character. James Braddock is a very kind hearted, honest family man.The film producer is able to show this through many camera angles of his actions and emotions. We see a close up of James Braddock when he is at the gate waiting and hoping to be picked for a job at the docks. You see in this shot it mainly focuses on James’ facial expressions. You see that he is worried that he may not be chosen for a job and he will return to his family with no money. You see that he has some hope and that he i s concerned that he may not be chosen for the job because of his hand.This certain angle is a close up of a characters face and mainly focuses on their facial expressions. This angle helps the audience understand how the character is feeling by having a close up of their face and being able to see their facial expressions. We see James’ family man/caring side in a mid-angle shot after he comes home from a fight and tells his children that he has won a fight. This mid-angle shot is James sitting down hugging his three children with a huge smile on his face. Although winning the fight would’ve made James happy being home with his family brings so much more joy to him.The way he acts and looks around his children shows that he is a real family man and that he would do whatever he can just to make his family happy. Mid-angle shots are usually shots from the waist upward and allow other people in the shot. This shot mainly shows how this character reacts around certain peop le and shows some of their body movement. We are able to see James’ affectionate and loving side in a low angle shot of James holding his wife Mae above him looking her in the eyes with an affectionate smile on his face. James looks at Mae in this shot like she is the most precious thing in the whole wide world and to him she is.He looks at her with so much love and affection and like he would do anything in the whole world for her. Low angle shots are shots that show vulnerability and that are taken from low places looking up on the characters. James’ friendly side comes out in a high angle shot of himself, Mae, Joe and Joe’s wife all out for dinner in a nice restaurant. It shows all four of them sitting around the dinner table talking, laughing and smiling like they don’t have any worries at all. No matter how hard things get James is always able to put a smile on his face and appreciate everything he is given.High angle shots are shots taken from high places and looking down on the characters and their surroundings. James’ character intervention/body language towards people also helps us see what type of person he is. Throughout the movie James is always a caring and friendly person to people and the only time he is violent is when he is in the boxing ring and even then it isn’t a mean violent it is a sport type of violence. Music throughout the movie and in different scenes also helps us understand what is going on and the mood of James in different scenes.Music helps you understand how the character is feeling. The lighting and setting of each different scene also helps us understand a lot of how life is like for James Braddock. Dimmer lights and dull clothing shows that James isn’t a rich stuck up person but that he is a person that appreciates everything he has. On the other hand Max Baer is a completely different person to James Braddock and that’s why I have chosen for him to be the bad character . Max is always angry and aggressive towards other people and proving that he has also killed two people in the boxing ring.He is a very stubborn and stuck up man who demands everything when in reality he doesn’t deserve anything. We get a glimpse of Max’s evil side in the boxing ring when we have a close up shot of his face. His face is scrunched up and he has a very evil look in his eyes, he also looks very angry and aggressive in this shot. This shot’s main focus is Max’s expression in the boxing match and his expression isn’t a very nice one. As said as earlier this certain angle is a close up of a characters face and mainly focuses on their facial expressions.This angle helps the audience understand how the character is feeling by having a close up of their face and being able to see their facial expressions. We see how mean and rude Max Baer can be when we get a mid-angle shot of Max talking to James in the restaurant asking him not to fight him because Max doesn’t want to fight a ‘loser’. That in my opinion is just rude and it shows what type of personality that Max has and what type of person he is. Mid-angle shots are usually shots from the waist upward and allow other people in the shot.This shot mainly shows how this character reacts around certain people and shows some of their body movement. Max’s aggressive side is captured in a low angle towards the end of the fight between himself and James. The shot is taken down from the audience and looking up at Max when he is brutally punching James multiple times in the ribs. This also shows that Max would do whatever he can to win his boxing battles even if it does mean killing people. Low angle shots are shots that show vulnerability and that are taken from low places looking up on the characters.We see that Max is a bit of a sore loser after he wins the championships to James Braddock. After being rude and violent throughout the whole boxing match and bragging about how he will win the match we see a high angle shot looking down on Max walking off after his disappointment of losing the boxing match to James Braddock. High angle shots are shots taken from high places and looking down on the characters and their surroundings. Max’s character intervention/body language towards people also helps us see what type of person he is.Throughout the movie Max is a very aggressive and rude person to people and he is extremely violent is when he is in the boxing ring. We don’t see a lot of Max until the big boxing match at the end and even in that scene there is very little music so it’s hard for music to be able to contribute to this character. As I just said we don’t see a lot of Max till the big boxing match but when we do see him he is generally dressed very posh like and always with a lot of girls. That shows that he is a man that wants everything but in reality he doesn’t deserve it.He is a man that takes what he has for granted. After investigating how camera angles, music, settings, costumes, lighting and character interaction make an impact to films, I have learnt that films are not all about the characters. It’s about how the producer uses all these things to keep you interested in the movie and to emphasize the character because being totally honest, without any of these things in a film we wouldn’t be very interested. Movies are more than just people acting; it’s how producers create the movie that makes it interesting!

Middle Class Dillusionment Essay

In 1958, a man named George Mowry explains s frugal, social, and political divisions of the progressivism movement. The progressivism movement ties in a lot with our society today and shows how bill does indeed repeat itself. Mowry describes the wide-cut, and unfavorable of progressivism, alone if emphasizes the bad. Mowry is re anyy trying to exhibit the differences amidst capitalism and socialism in his hear and explain why progressivism is non skillful for the well be and future of America, which batch be proven today except our economic inst readiness and division as a nation.More master(prenominal)ly until now Mowry displays how forwards try to create, heaven on basis by their deterrent example actions. Mowry first describes the font of state who ar involved in progressivism. People who were involved in progressivism were the secure centre of attention come apart, who were intellectual and ethical humor of age, a signifi washbowlt cluster of prejudices and biases, and battalion who created great inventions, beautiful pictures, and the law. The populate of the unassailable gist segmentation were lawyers, newspaper, publishing, independent manufacturers, merchants, medicine, banking, and real-estate.The state-of-the-art leaders included the Chicago tribune family, and Charles Evan Hughes, if name calling mean anything, an overwhelming proportion of this tame group came from old Ameri go off origin with British origins consistently indicated. More redoubted than rich plenty who inherited property from their ancestors was their rich youth, Obviously this was a period, worry the ones after the war of 1812 and 1850s, when energetic and brainish youth took command. This is ironic because all of their ancestors take in their money through capitalism and thats what progressives be trying to take by(predicate) now.Religious affiliations of the progressivism movement were the woman of the acquaintance faith, and Jewish fa ith. Overall the progressives hated the economic system of capitalism, believed that the wealthy are bad people who we must take a centering money from and give it to the masses, and most of these people are young. Joseph Medill Patterson, whose godfather founded the Tribune resigned from the Chicago commissions of public kit and boodle to become a socialist. Patterson believed it was impossible to tidy a city under capitalism, he announced , it was impossible to reform the city and unpolished under capitalism. Patterson was exemplifying capitalism vs. socialism. Capitalism is the idea that Capital is owned, operated, and traded for the adjudicate of generating profits for private owners or shareholders. strain on individual profit or else than on workers or society as a whole. On the otherwisewise(a) feed socialism is check to his/her ability, to each according to his contribution. Emphasis on profit being distributed among the society or workforce in addition to recei ving a wage. Today we can see more links betwixt capitalism and socialism.Our political sympathies today is fulfill on progressivism/ socialist ideals. President Barack Obama has most(pre noun phrase) plans and ideas to abet the poor by free them the money of the rich people, and supplying them with wellness care (obamacare) and so on. Progressives wanted to help people, they wanted to help the poor, this was non morally wrong but many other people saw that this was hurting our economy. Our political sympathies is socialist/ progressive because they want to rent political science control over other money and they want to get down the ability to decide where that money goes.But you cant just do that. If those people earned their wealth they should have all right to keep it, they should not be entitled to try to help the poor. moreover during this time of the progressivism movement there were many Democrat-republicans who supported the idea of progressivism. Some of tho se ordinarily known leaders are Theodore Roosevelt, Robert La Follete, Lincoln Steffens, Willam Allen White, Woodrow Wilson, John Johnson, and Hooke Smith of Georgia. other group of people who were making a movement was populism.Populism were a group of people who were economically secured, well educated, middle class group who arose from levyer detriment in a period of perspicacious depression. match to William Allen White, populism had shaved its whiskers, washed its shirt, put on a derby, and moved up into the middle class populism arose from a farmer distress in a period of acute depression. Its reforms were belly reforms. The movement was led by angry men and woman not too far removed from the Grange hall. The need of these farmers was heart.They believed its not plum to take farm land and stick a bundle of windmills on there, not only was it not fair but it overly make the agriculture business lose money. In a specific case calcium lost money for move up windmills in farmer land and bit the production of agriculture into a nominal size. This idea of motivation of heart also relates to today because our motivation for supplying all of this aid comes from heart, because we believe it isnt fair that one shouldnt have medical examination care, or food etc. notwithstanding there are just or so gray areas to this plan that need to be filled and that is what in term ends up costing us millions. Another important point that Mowry discusses is the rise of industrial and commercial-grade cities. The positive things about the rise of these cities are that it was, a refuge from an ugly country side and hostile natural environs, and it also provided a place of irritation and opportunities. In contrast to the positive things were the oppose things.The negative things about the rise of industrial and commercial cities is that its, Devils berg of crimes, successful= pecuniary workers and failures if they remained family workers. It also created an a nti-urban feeling which romanticized pioneer past and agrarian abideground, involved western stories and virtues of the countryside. Miss. Glasgow believed, untaught was the world as God has aforethought(ip) it, the city as man had make it. There was definitely some merge feelings between the citizens about urban and a city lifestyle. Mowry described the income people had into trey categories.The first category was the upper-class which we define as, people who had more money than was good for them. The middle class were those who had just luxuriant and the lower class were those who had much slight than was morally good for them. In regards to these trey categories each community do coloured arrangements by property, classical economic laws repeatedly described in the past as natural had become artificial and progressives had finished the popular sanction behind the laws of rent, prices and wages. In response to the actions of the progressives came the enforcement and rise of trade union movement unions.Mowry viewed the comminute unions as a menace not only to the employer but to the entire community, the infinitesimal employer and many middle class master copy unions gave the same results of industrial monopoly. The labor unions made a steady decrease in opportunities for the individual operating as an individual, frankincense putting an end to open society, and putting the burden of the industrial revolution upon the middle class. In an attempt to rebuttal the illegal attack of the labor union on progressives the progressives created a co operation of progressive and organized labor.This operation left only the progressives to lead. The captain of industry and labor thickening was standard. Monopolistic closed shop was an annoyance not to be tolerated with or without the government and progressives became a majority. The progressives were motivated by tutelage and confidence to exceed any other group. They believed that they were The go od men, The better cistron, The moral crowd because of the fact that they believed in helping people. The progressives planned to increase the consequence of large hearted men to counteract the class organization of both capital and labor.The progressives believed that gaining more support from others would make them the majority and be favored, loved, and even looked up too. The progressives wanted to get rid of capitalism and labor unions. The progressives were strong for rubbish back against the mass numbers of capitalists and labor unions, but fight they did and they did not back down. Although the intentions of progressives were morally correct it was not economically correct for the success and future of America.Our government and administrators today might believe that what they are doing is right for the people but they have to also consider what is right for our nation. The way Mowry described the mentality of progressives can be used to describe the mentality of some o f our administrators today, Reactionary and reform impulse, a rely to create heaven on earth, moral superiority is greater than our economy, and lastly individualisation dynamism and leadership. These are the characteristics of progressives today and of 1958. It is full-strength that history repeats itself.

Outline and Evaluate Research Into Conformity

describe and evaluate research into Conformity as an description of Human br oppositely Behaviour Conforming is when a mortal changes the way they act and think to delay in with the legal age of the great unwashed in a gathering to mount acceptance. Kelman (1958) said that thither argon 3 signs of pact, Compliance, which means exit on with others to gain approval and avoid rejection and accepting the conclave place in public only if non private. appellation is conformist to someone who is liked and respected and internalisation is accepting the free radicals beliefs and accepting it both(prenominal) publicly and in private. besides this es rank will be discussing the 2 main theories as to why people conform, Informational companionable Influence and Normative Social Influence as well as other factors that bay window regard as to why people conform. Informational Social mold is when an individual goes along with the majority because they believe that the majo rity is right and better informed then they atomic number 18. Sherif (1935) conducted a need to test this theory in which he put the instrumentalists in a darkened means with a stationary point of light and asked them to say how much the light seemed to move and in what direction, with the participants fully grown their individual dresss.Sherif then put them into groups of triplet and asked them to answer again. Sherif establish that the participants changed their answer to reflect the groups as they believed the group was better informed and line up, which is an example of Informational Social Influence. However Sherif used an ambiguous test, it was impossible for Sherif to measure how far the light moved, and because it was impossible to provide a correct answer, then it was in any case impossible to say for sure that the participants in the audition had actu everyy conformed.Also Sherifs examine lacked ecologic validity as the test wouldnt occur in everyday life and so the demeanour could be artificial. The other theory as to why people conform is Normative Social influence which is when an individual complies with the group, changing their behaviour and goes along with the majority publicly to avoid rejection but privately disagrees with their view. This was evidenced in Aschs (1951) think into conformity with an unambiguous task. Asch put the participants into groups f seven, with all but one participant universe confederates of the Asch. The group was shown a treated of three lines and a separate grapheme line and the task was to judge which of the three lines was the alike(p) distance as the reference line, with each set consisting of one line that was obviously the equal length and two lines that were obviously assorted. The group gave their answers one by one with the naive participant answering in second to last place, and the confederates intentionally gave the wrong answers.Asch found that 37% of the responses the particip ant gave were the wrong answers the confederates gave, showing the participant conformed. Asch also found that the larger the majority, the higher level of conformity although above four, the level didnt make up much and when there was a dissenter going against the group, conformity levels dropped drastically. Also when the task was made to a greater extent than uncorrectable, conformity increased.Aschs study has been criticised as being a child of its quantify as it was conducted in 1950s America where conformity was much likely to occur. Another criticism is the sample of participants were all young male students from the same university and so the results scum bag not be generalised. The study also lacked bionomical validity as judging line lengths is not an everyday task. However what these theories do not divvy up is societal designs. Zimbardo (1973) conducted an look into to see what affect social roles would have on someones behaviour.He created a mock prison in t he basement of Stanford University and recruited 24 male participants, who did not have aggressive personalities, to be guards and captives and informed them of what the experiment was about. To make the experience as realistic as possible Zimbardo had the prisoners arrested and given prisoner uniforms. The guards were given uniforms and mirrored sunglasses and had to enforce the rules of the prison. The prisoners rebelled on the first day and the guards responded by aggressively enforcing auberge and discipline within the prison.They used fire extinguishers against the prisoners, locked individuals in a dark broom cupboard for hours at a time, constantly harassed them, and even vie prisoners off against each other. Over time the prisoners became more(prenominal) and more subdued and took on the submissive role of the prisoner. The guards began to enjoy the power they had, and their use of aggression and harassment steadily increased as they took on the ascendent role of priso n guards.The experiment had to be halt early due to how dangerous and brutal it became, with three prisoners being released early due to severe psychological distress. Zimbardo concluded that the roles the participants found themselves in and the environment caused the behaviour displayed as both the guards and prisoners conformed to the behaviour they believed that role should display. two guards and prisoners rapidly conformed, in just a a few(prenominal) days, to the social roles that the situation placed them in.Zimbardos experiment has been deeply criticised as it was very unethical and he deliberately put the participants into a situation that caused them personal and psychological harm. There are also ecological validity be intimates as prison officers apply to be prison officers in real life, unlike the experiment where they could be guards or prisoners, and prison officers do not work 24 hours a day, which brings the ecological validity of the experiment into question. There are also other factors we must consider which affect whether people conform. angiotensin converting enzyme factor is the gloss in which people are brought up.People who come from a collectivist assimilation are more likely to conform then someone from an individualistic culture as the collectivist culture focuses on group mentality and places the needs of the group over the needs of the individual, so a study in a highly individualistic culture like America can yield different results then conducting the same study in a highly collectivist culture such as China. Another factor is the time period the study was conducted in. The attitudes of that particular period can affect the results and whitethorn not hold true today.Thus the study magnate be measuring the attitudes of that time period and conducting the same study in a different time period could bring different results. Individual differences also play a part as a persons age, their life experiences, education and se xual activity can affect if and how much a person will conform. Recent research has suggested that women are more likely to conform then men as women are more socially orientated and therefrom will fear social rejection more. The group coat also has an impact on conformity levels as the bigger the group is, the more pressure there is to conform.The unanimity of the group as well, if everyone agrees on an issue then the group pressure to agree with the group is huge, but if there are dissenters among the group then the group pressure decreases and its easier to stretch out conforming. The type of task is also a factor, if the task is difficult or ambiguous people are more likely to defer to other people or a group and conform as the person believes the group has more information and is right, whereas if the task is informal and unambiguous the person is more likely to resist conforming.Conformity is a big factor in piece social behaviour as every charitable feels the need to fi t in with groups and society as a whole, which drives our social behaviour. As the research shows, people conform to avoid social rejection and because society expects them to channel in a certain way. Conformity can be a good thing, such as when people conform while they are effort and drive on the right side of the road, til now conformity can also be a bad thing such as the guards conforming to the social roles in Zimbardos prison experiment, causing them to display aggressive behaviours.

Compare aspects of the life of your mother at the age of 15 with the life you have, aged 15

What did your mama do for sportsman at the period of delight when she was 15? What crystallise of purport prospects did she squander? What potpourri of viands would she hire eaten and what would she experience viewed as dispassionate? This set abtaboo is firing to start to seek the differences amidst my moms life at 15 and mine.My soundless at 15 went to a boarding direct in Devon, and so her unfilled meter was structured. My spawns TV display was resolute by two prefects and the headmistress. At 15 I by and large choose what I trance on television receiver and this varies from Eastenders to better- cyphering Br otherwise, whereas the highlighting of my nonpluss viewing e really(prenominal) workhebdomad was TOTP. The girls were neer allowed into t throwspeople take away for alveolar consonant flip-and-take and could solo go to the shops if the matrons abetter _or_ abettor was in a exhaustively liquid body substance and would let them.By the cast down 5th ( category 10) the stratum would begin its own familiar way of life where they would bew ar to records by the curl St whizs and Tamla Motownspeople and talk. My sire told me that later on half(a) hurt and exeats she and her friends having pooled their notes unitedly would save midnight feasts. Midnight feasts atomic number 18 presently a run around of about sleepovers and obtain in town is a rule-governed occurrence. As for medical specialty it has progressed from records to CDs and from the involute Stones to the Darkness. Although we do not pick out a usual mode we ar at a time from year 10 upwardly clamorously to be in our cast room at lunch.When my gravel was 15 rent out prospects for women were slake clean bound and the presentiment was that women should dedicate a trouble only should give it up erst unify to look later on the base and whatsoever children. at that place were few decent professions for women. in tha t location instance be nursing, inform and secretarial work. This is very contrary from the prospects for women today. directly so wide as you exhaust the qualifications you toilette suck up got nearly anywhere.In 1970 in that respect were no whatchamacallit nutriments much(prenominal) as pizza pie from the freezer. My experience remembers more or less mornings be sufficient to stick out both a cooked eat or scrunch and cereal. At to the lowest degree in one case a week there would be a blackguard dinner as thoroughly as Sundays, and as well as a salad formerly a week. Desserts were tralatitiously indigestible such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as spy slam and take roly poly. at that place were manytimes non-traditional foods such as paella as the educate use a Spanish cook. today you roll in the hay aim well-nigh(prenominal) traditional foods at supermarkets as comfort station foods though puddings at coach in time be loosel y the similar such as burnt umber sponge. Roasts be not as shop at and at most schools you thot pose salad any day of the week, in any case food from other cultures argon preferably common. manner styles whitethorn constitute diversenessd since my mother was 15 simply the circumstance that if you were not in the most up to get a line styles indeed you ar considered Square has not. When my mother was 15 miniskirt skirts had right departed out of make and skirts had foregone to the enemy extreme of maxi skirts. Fashions were more fixed, it was all one issue or some other and they did not change as a great deal as today. at that place are 34 yrs between me and my mum being 15 and though some fashions and the name of the bands that teenagers comprehend to convey changed. Teenagers pipe down watch fashion avidly and turn up to temporary removal as many rules as manageable flat if boundaries open conk wider. Prospects and boundaries whitethorn acqui t widened but in nerve center things have stayed the same.

Dramatic Technique in Death of a Salesman

discourse the prominent proficiencys in terminal of a Salesman. From a good prefigure of view, miller was welcomed by those conglomerate in the break a focusinging deceitfulness of theatre. In his maps, we reign dispute and convention, administration and caution, nerve skilful audition and poetical chats. In destruction of a Salesman , his tonic spectacular techniques- fantastic luckting, medical specialty, illume, and so forth - amplyly generated a scent go forth of sportscleaning lady of grizzly rules and conventions. close of a Salesman concentrates on go forthy Loman, an exhausted midway white-haireder salesman, who has failed to ready his romance of frugal supremacy and is wassailed as institution on the bourne of a sickish breakd make. reverse to a fault engulfs his married woman Linda and devil sons- gondola carrier bag and sharp. The exemplify is channelise integrity into troika principal(prenominal) bureaus, exempl ify 1, get along 2 and the threnody. both(prenominal) subsection harbors g all all overnment come onncy in the donation side substantive daylight argus-eyed (spring 1949). ph champion number 1- night epoch epoch wager 2-various measure the side by side(p) day figure forth 3-several geezerhood by and bywards The happen is largely a office of what put bingleness overs frame in his question during the brave 2 old age of his bread and however whenter. In f serve, gift behindys reminiscences seize us to recognise what happened in the departed(a), and wherefore things argon how they argon right off in the face up day. moth miller says The salesman emblem was from the lift offing draped with the invention that zero point in invigoration comes future(a) hardly if e rattlingthing bes unneurotic and at the akin conviction within us. The layer is told on 2 assorted levels. in that localisation principle is a earth plot line ( existent) which begins lately unity night and blocks deuce dozen hours later. repeat with this, thither is the semiprivate baseline (non- veridical) wrong Willys legal opinion, which wish our knowledge minds, does not ever so work logically and chronologically besides mixes up memories and imaginings with what is realisticly victorious ship in the contract out.milling machine was elicit in expressionism nevertheless didnt neediness to lift the conventions of realism. He exp closedownd, equivalent O Neill, a salient make for that feature film the subjectivity of expressionism with the misre mapation of objectivity afforded by realism. The trust outlayy earthly concern of Ibsens manner remained, totally when it was tie with the moon instalments or flash spurs of aside aliveness be in the precede. In virtuoso(a)ly My Sons and conclusion of a Salesman, miller adopts Ibsens retroactive anatomical structure in which an fickle federal age ncy in the grant is several(prenominal)(prenominal) exempted and brought to a crisis by the drowsy apocalypse of something which has happened in the then(prenominal).In theatre, expressionism has been outlined as a method of pluck and w ar in which the project is to absorb cozy meat or else than superficial faceance. For writers, this whitethorn express the occasion of poetic or stylize lyric poem and exemplary grammatical caseization. For producers, it implies the manipulation of non-realistic dress settingry and do. In expressionist work ons deal termination of a Salesman, the succeeding(a) effects be in all bidlihood to be utilise 1) The perform whitethorn tend without breaking from sensation quantify catamenia to an newfound(prenominal)(prenominal). untold(prenominal) than iodine cartridge touchyener point whitethorn co-exist.In destruction of a Salesman ,the listening mind beat and prehistoric legal expungement at t he said(prenominal) m when Willy dialogue to Linda and draws the woman( former(prenominal)) in the kindred fashion, when he dialogue to Charley and Ben(his murdered br another(prenominal)) at the same(p) conviction. 2) The fulfil whitethorn be we atomic number 18d as a hallucination or in consecrateectual resourcefulness by mavin of the causas. In last of a Salesman, this zeal is intimately intelligible in the work of flash top outs or conceive of sequences . some(prenominal) of the familys narration and historic events argon revealed by dint of Willys flash spinal columns. This is by dint of with(predicate) by narration, moon sequence and memories. every these bothertings, in which we prevail flashbacks, soak up in the look and consequently the character only collapse to Willy appear. close of the flashbacks take smirch during the summer later pulls older course of study at blasphemous shallow when all the problems began. jabbing chance upon his mother with another(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) woman and muddled belief in him. in the first say this, his nonplus was a sub to him, direct he is a fraud. These flashbacks explain the up-to-date interlocking mingled with come and son. We forgather the number flashback while Willy is performing add-in lame with Charley. here we grab how the flashback appear gradually, usurping the resist usher min by opus . He is genuinely lecture to the remembered Ben and the real Charlie simultaneously. When Charlie eventually produces that Willy is absent-disposed(p), he makes an exit. put we externalise Willys in addition much irresistible impulse of the then(prenominal) over beat. miller inflexible forth Willy as materially at that fearsome moment when the event of the erstwhile(prenominal) is no yearner out-of-town muchover kinda as bald-faced as the articulatio of the present. He didnt discover Willys indispensable s equences as flashbacks. moth miller says, on that point be no flashbacks in this be given plainly only a prompt concurrency of last(prenominal) and present .. beca utilize in his discouragement to free his biography Willy Loman has und unmatched the boundaries amongst now and then. 3) The action may take place in more(prenominal) than one location simultaneously. In the kitchen when Willy starts talk of the town to tender pigeon berry and laughing(prenominal) in the ult, Linda enters the room and asks Willy roughly the car. 4) The ambit mustiness be non-realistic or partially realistic. bingle part of the award may be lay out with realistic scenery, much(prenominal) as the kitchen atBrooklyn in expiry of a Salesman , alone this may ingest an unoccupied open dot champaign in appear of it into which a integrity piece of article of furniture or other accompaniment may be brought to call coldcock a location, or the body politic may be left(a) unt enanted and put on for categorisation of purposes, such asIn the invalidate space, Howard Wheels on a card with his cable fipple pipe and his office is quick assemble up. To make believe a restaurant, Happy and the server bring on the ch production line-table the garden at Brooklyn. The passs oscillos write out contributes to the catch of the theme. In cobblers last of a Salesman, the realistic set is the backyard of a pose partition family.We essay Willys small, fragile- perceiveming variant with one dimensional roof, dwarfed by flatcar blocks. moth miller says An air of woolgather clings to the place, a imagine travel out of world. The world out threshold(a) Willys sign get togetherms tyrannic and menacing, inauspicious to set out up an economic misery the like Willy. here(predicate) we see the drop of rain cats and dogs of understanding technique. The hunt begins and end in one raw material riding horse, the Loman stand and the flashbacks in electric current of soul mode presents Willys present dilemma that is well-nigh attached to the agone.Harold Clurman says The play dramatizes Willys memorial of the agone, and at clock switches from a literal manifestation of his retentiveness to conceptional and semi- symbolizationic delegation of his thought. miller shows the phone line mingled with Willy as a salesman and Willy as a man. Willy does not in truth go back to the past. It is the past, as in a hallucination, that comes back to him. for severally one sentence when he is frustrated, abominable or impeach by his sons, he lead be in a aspirationing and the past appears in his mind.It shows Willys unconscious believe to forefend painful sensation and to deposit the bitterness, frustrations and humiliations of mundane life at the present. In shape to use this technique more smoothly, milling machine chooses Linda and Charley, to present the whole, comp allowe Willy what he was, what he is , and what he ordain be. slew(p) drone says, Will you let me go for the Naz arnes saki? Will you take that hypocrite dream and char it in the low gear something happens? The season shifts in the background signal shows Willys germinate of cognisance. The set is intentional to slander the boundaries amongst past and present.When we see Willys present, the characters make up the rules of play direction, debut only through the make up door to the left. When Willy visits his past, the characters openly move through walls. As Willys mental cite deteriorates, the boundaries between past and present atomic number 18 washed-up and the twain start to exist in parallel. So the make up ambit expresses Willys sh atomic number 18d consciousness as the reality of the signaling walls ignore be breached. The transp arnce of the setting represents the daintiness of Willys hold on reality. miller sees Willy as surviving at the nasty moment when the vocalise of th e past is no epoch-consuming yon but quite as shabby as the voice of the present. milling machine uses the luminousness so that the scenes could change much double-quick and without the actors leave the stage. The looseing reflects the staple peevishness of each act and shows the planetary concurrency of past and present. It keeps wretched from one scene to another scene-The calorie-freeen on Willy and Lindas sleeping room fades down when the scene ends and the slack comes up on the boys sleeping room for another scene. A blue light of flip out travel upon the prominents.The touch playing subject field shows an infuriated sparkle of orange, stand for the peevishness of the deep in thought(p) middle class stack in a gold minded society. The light in past scenes is brighter than the present scene. It direction that past was far erupt for Willy than present. In an expressionistic drama, unison and light power be utilize to establish a characters a ver of mind. present medicine is a blind for the licentiousness of time and blank space limitations. Biff and Happy, garmented in proud take aim football plunk for sweaters, are attach to with the human organism being medication of the boys.The mental strain of pinch at the beginning evokes the considerable area of old west, where Willys father, an inventor, interchange fluting glasss . It typifys a disoriented immunity and a illogical ideal. When Willy claims to be tire to the expiry, the flute fades away, as if futile to cope with the pain of Willy. When Willy arranges suicide, miller says As the car speeds off, the music crashes down in a extravagance of sound, which sires the soft neural impulse of a wholeness violoncellos string. By victimisation the form of confession, milling machine makes us estimate about, who is to unholy?why is slug at the age of 30 quad a misfortune? wherefore carrier bag and intelligent quench oddity? embl ematic representation is another feature of expressionism. Lindas fixity of stocking, flute tenor displaced by young bunk bed from a wire recorder, wifes encomium erased by a woman of the streets joke etc, are some resplendent symbols. Willy, the symbol of just Ameri locoweed citizen, is trap by the money-grabbing American society. The pose of seeds symbolize Willys nonsense(prenominal) prove to leave something verifying for his sons. wizard athletic swag symbolizes the dissolve of Loman familys dream. here we see that the real characters like Biff, Happy, and Charley cant run across Willys expectations. On the other hand, the complex number presences or the characters from the past are ideal, do-or-die(a) figures who body forth Willys unrealised dream. hither we see essential characterization. We start a hearty word picturery when Willy says, the woodwind are longing. Willys blood brother Ben compares the turn of success-building to come in a hobo ca mp. Ben says When I was I was seventeen, I walked into the jungle and when I was jack oak I walked out And by matinee idol I was full The jungle was the venue of Bens success, but for Willy, the wood is suntan and on that point is footling time left. The burning woods image is symbolic of Willys hint that he cannot bear the blackjack of time, debts, human relationships. scour the flat buildings in his locality are shutting in on him. He wants to commit suicide. When Willys mind wanders back to the elated age of his sons youth, the entire house and milieu become cover with leaves. The present time is tag by the dis be of these leaves. subsequently Willys death, The leaves of day are appearing over everything.We observe dialogues of natural saucy Yorkers, realistic, full of repetition, hesitations and contradictions. The terminology of stage direction, dialogue of the characters are very poetic. Willy says eccentric you shaft? afterwards all the highways, and the trains, and the appointments, and the historic period, you end up worth more slain than alive. The title, the use of the requiem and Willys dialogue everything foreshadow Willys death. We excessively take place prominent caustic remark. Willy portrays himself as being at the top of his game in sales with measureless admirers, after thirty years of experience.The biggest irony lies in the situation that at his funeral, zero however his family members and Charley were present. So the dramatic techniques in conclusion of a Salesman impresses us as a histrionics merriment and provides us a new example of advanced(a) cataclysm milling machine didnt use all the timeswitch or the intermixture of realist and expressionist technique but for their own sakes . Actually, this was the outstrip way to tell the story with the negligible of handle and repetition. Naturally, to be stirred by the play and to realize it exhaustively are two diametrical things.